Strongest Radiation Storm of the Century Rages Near Earth

The peak of the strongest radiation storm of the current century occurred on the night of January 19-20. The phenomenon was recorded by specialists from the Laboratory of Solar Astronomy at the Space Research Institute (IKI) and the Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics (ISZF).

Around noon on January 20, the laboratory noted a renewed increase in geomagnetic activity. Specialists reported:

«The planetary Kp index has returned to a level close to G4 and is currently at G3.7. This surge is presumably the last in the current event. After its completion, the geomagnetic storm should stabilize until the end of the day at the level of G1–G3.»

A radiation storm is a stream of charged particles that the Sun emits during large flares. A magnetic storm is a disturbance of Earth«s magnetic field, usually caused by increased solar activity.

Geomagnetic activity is assessed on a five-level scale. As explained by Nikolai Perov, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, leading methodologist at the Yaroslavl Center named after V. V. Tereshkova, level G3 is considered strong, and G4 severe.

According to his information, a magnetic storm of level G3 can lead to:

• problems with intermittent satellite navigation and low-frequency radio navigation;
• interruptions in HF radio operation;
• the need for voltage adjustments in power systems;
• false activations on some protective devices.

At level G4, more serious consequences are possible: problems with voltage control in power systems, degradation of satellite navigation for several hours, interruptions in HF radio wave propagation, and disturbances in low-frequency radio navigation.

The cause of the events was a plasma cloud that reached Earth after a large solar flare. Scientists emphasize that there is no direct danger for the planet«s inhabitants.

«The particles are completely blocked by Earth»s magnetic field and atmosphere at significant altitudes, preventing their penetration to the planet«s surface. The latter, if such a scenario were realized, would undoubtedly lead to extreme danger for the biosphere,» noted the laboratory.

However, spacecraft in orbit experience increased stress. Specialists clarify:

«In the manufacture of electronic systems for spacecraft, special radiation-hardened electronics are used, which should ensure the operability of satellites even at current radiation levels, provided that these levels are reached for short periods, not exceeding several hours, or at most a day.»

Scientists also do not rule out that in the coming night, polar auroras may be visible even in Central regions.